Microlaryngoscopy & Oesophagoscopy

Table of Contents

Microlaryngoscopy & Oesophagoscopy Introduction

Microlaryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy is a procedure performed under general anaesthetic to examine the inside of the voice box (larynx), throat (pharynx), upper windpipe (trachea), and oesophagus (the food pipe) in close detail. It is commonly performed to assess symptoms such as persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, throat pain, or to investigate abnormal findings seen on imaging or during clinic examination.

During the procedure, Dr Phillips may take a biopsy (small tissue sample) from any abnormal areas to help diagnose infections, inflammation, or rule out cancer.

Reasons for surgery

You may be referred for microlaryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy for one or more of the following reasons:

  • Persistent hoarseness or voice changes
  • Ongoing throat discomfort or pain
  • Difficulty or pain with swallowing
  • Sensation of a lump in the throat or food sticking
  • Bleeding from the mouth or throat
  • To investigate abnormal imaging (CT, MRI, PET scans)
  • Surveillance in patients with a history of head and neck cancer
  • To take biopsies of abnormal-looking tissue

Benefits of the procedure

  • Provides a clear and detailed view of the upper airway and oesophagus.
  • Enables targeted biopsy of any suspicious or abnormal areas.
  • Helps confirm or exclude serious conditions such as cancer or pre-cancerous changes.
  • Assists in identifying the cause of symptoms, allowing appropriate treatment planning.

Risks & complications

Microlaryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy are generally safe, but all procedures carry some risks. These include:

  • General anaesthetic risks, which are low in healthy individuals
  • Sore throat or hoarseness for a few days (common)
  • Bleeding from the biopsy site (usually minor and settles quickly)
  • Injury to teeth, lips, or gums (rare – protective measures are used)
  • Damage to the oesophagus or airway (very rare)
  • Temporary difficulty swallowing

Dr Phillips will discuss these risks with you and answer any questions you may have before the procedure.

Alternative treatments

Other investigations such as flexible nasendoscopy (done in clinic) or imaging scans can give helpful information, but they do not allow for biopsies or as detailed a view. Microlaryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy remains the most accurate way to examine these areas and obtain tissue samples if needed.

Pre-operative instructions

Fasting

You must not eat or drink before the procedure.
Typical fasting times are:

  • 6 hours for food
  • 2 hours for clear fluids (e.g. water, black tea/coffee)

You will receive specific instructions from the hospital or anaesthetist.

Medications

Please inform Dr Phillips if you are taking:

  • Blood thinning medications (e.g., aspirin, warfarin, apixaban)
  • Diabetes medications
  • Any herbal supplements or vitamins

Some of these may need to be stopped or adjusted before surgery.

Illness

If you become unwell with a fever, cough, cold, or infection in the days before your surgery, please contact the clinic as the procedure may need to be postponed.

Procedure details

  • You will be placed under general anaesthetic (fully asleep and pain-free).
  • A thin, rigid tube (scope) is passed through your mouth to examine the:
    • Larynx (voice box)
    • Pharynx (throat)
    • Trachea (upper windpipe)
    • Oesophagus (food pipe)
  • A microscope may be used to closely inspect the voice box.
  • Biopsies may be taken of any abnormal-looking tissue.
  • There are no external cuts or stitches.
  • The procedure usually takes 30–45 minutes.

Post-operative care & recovery

Recovery

  • You will wake up in the recovery area and be monitored by nursing staff.
  • Most patients go home the same day.
  • It is normal to experience a mild sore throat, hoarseness, or mild chest discomfort for a few days.

Diet

  • Start with cool, soft foods and sips of water.
  • Avoid spicy, acidic, or very hot foods for the first 24–48 hours.
  • You can return to your regular diet as comfort allows.

Pain Relief

  • Use paracetamol or ibuprofen as needed.
  • Stronger medication is rarely necessary.

Voice

  • If any biopsies or procedures are performed on the vocal cords Dr Phillips will often ask you to rest your voice and speak minimally for 3-5 days to help aid in a faster recovery

What to watch for

Contact our clinic or seek medical care if you experience:

  • Bleeding from the mouth or throat
  • Difficulty breathing
  • High fever or chills
  • Severe or worsening chest pain
  • Painful swallowing that does not improve

These symptoms are rare but should be reviewed promptly if they occur.

Follow-up instructions

A follow-up appointment will be organised to:

  • Review your biopsy results
  • Monitor your recovery
  • Plan any further tests or treatments, if needed

If you have any concerns before this, our clinic is available to assist you.

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

  • Will this procedure fix my voice or swallowing issue?

    This procedure is mainly for diagnosis. If a treatable cause is found, Dr Phillips will discuss treatment options with you afterward.

  • Will I have any scars?

    No. The entire procedure is done through the mouth, with no external cuts.

  • Can I drive myself home?

    No. As you will have had a general anaesthetic, you must have someone drive you home and stay with you for 24 hours.

  • When can I return to work?

    Most people return to work within 1–2 days, depending on how they feel and the nature of their work.

  • Will I be able to speak afterward?

    Yes, although your voice may be hoarse for a few days, especially if a biopsy was taken near the vocal cords.

Book a consultation

If you’d like to discuss this procedure or explore suitable treatment options, please get in touch with Dr Nicholas Phillips’ clinic.