Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE)

Table of Contents

Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) Introduction

Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) is a specialised procedure used to investigate obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) or snoring. It involves examining your airway with a small flexible camera while you are in a state of light sleep, induced with medication. This allows Dr Phillips to see which parts of your airway collapse during sleep and what type of collapse is occurring, which is not possible when you’re awake.

Understanding the pattern and level of airway collapse helps guide decisions about the most appropriate treatment, including surgery or other alternatives.

Dr Phillips often performs DISE in conjunction with nasal surgery (such as septoplasty or turbinate reduction), particularly in patients who are not yet ready for multilevel airway surgery. It may also be used in children with persistent OSA following adenotonsillectomy to assess ongoing causes of airway obstruction including lingual tonsil hypertrophy and sleep dependent laryngomalacia.

Reasons for surgery

DISE is most commonly recommended in the following situations:

  • Adults with moderate to severe OSA who are unable to tolerate CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)
  • Patients with significant snoring impacting quality of life
  • People being considered for multi-level airway surgery, such as UPPP (Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty) & coblation tongue channelling
  • Unclear findings on sleep study or if OSA persists after initial treatment
  • As part of combined surgery with nasal procedures to avoid multiple general anaesthetics
  • Children with persistent OSA following adenotonsillectomy, especially when further surgical options are considered

Benefits of the procedure

DISE provides valuable, individualised information about:

  • Where the airway collapses (e.g. soft palate, tongue base, lateral walls, epiglottis)
  • How the collapse occurs (e.g. front-to-back, side-to-side, or circular)
  • Whether airway surgery is appropriate
  • Whether non-surgical options (such as lifestyle changes or oral appliances) may be helpful

This helps Dr Phillips develop a personalised treatment plan tailored to your unique airway anatomy, rather than relying solely on standardised approaches.

Risks & complications

DISE is generally a safe procedure. As with any test involving sedation, there are some potential risks, including:

  • Mild sore throat or nasal discomfort (common, temporary)
  • Nasal bleeding (very rare)
  • Allergic reaction to sedation (rare)
  • Temporary breathing difficulties during sedation (very rare, and managed by the anaesthetic team)

The procedure is performed with close monitoring by a qualified anaesthetist to ensure your comfort and safety.

Alternative treatments

Without DISE, decisions regarding surgery may be based only on awake assessments and sleep study results, which while appropriate for certain patients may not show how your airway behaves during sleep.

Although imaging (such as CT or MRI) can reveal structural details, it does not show real-time collapse of the airway, which is crucial in understanding sleep-related breathing disorders.

Pre-operative instructions

Fasting

You will need to fast for:

  • 6 hours for solid food
  • 2 hours for clear fluids

Specific fasting instructions will be provided by the hospital or anaesthetist.

Medications

Inform Dr Phillips if you are taking:

  • Blood thinners
  • Diabetes medications
  • Sedatives or sleep aids

Some of these may need to be adjusted prior to the procedure.

Illness

If you are unwell with a fever, cold, or chest infection before the procedure, please contact our clinic. The procedure may need to be rescheduled for your safety.

Procedure details

  • DISE is done in hospital under light sedation (not full general anaesthesia).
  • A sedative medication (usually propofol) is used to create a sleep-like state.
  • A small flexible camera is gently passed through the nose to observe the airway from the nose to the voice box.
  • Dr Phillips watches and records how your airway behaves during sleep-like breathing and snoring.
  • In many cases, this may be combined with nasal surgery in the same session to minimise recovery time and avoid multiple procedures.
  • The procedure typically takes 15–30 minutes, followed by a short period of monitoring in recovery.

Post-operative care & recovery

  • You may feel drowsy for a few hours – this is expected.
  • You will need someone to drive you home.
  • Avoid alcohol, driving, and strenuous activity for 24 hours.
  • A mild sore throat or nasal irritation is common and usually resolves within a day or two.

 

Follow-up instructions

Following DISE, Dr Phillips will:

  • Review the video footage
  • Identify which parts of your airway are involved
  • Recommend personalised treatment options based on your findings
  • Discuss whether surgical or non-surgical options are appropriate for you

For many patients, DISE helps avoid unnecessary surgery or confirms which surgical option is most likely to help.

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

  • Is DISE painful?

    Is DISE painful?
No. You are sedated and will not feel or remember the procedure.

  • Can DISE cure my sleep apnoea?

    DISE itself is a diagnostic test, not a treatment. It helps guide the right treatment pathway, whether surgical or not.

  • Can DISE be combined with surgery?

    Yes. Dr Phillips often combines DISE with nasal surgery (such as septoplasty or turbinate reduction) to reduce the need for multiple hospital visits or anaesthetics.

  • Is DISE done in children?

    Yes. In select cases where a child continues to have OSA after adenotonsillectomy, DISE can help determine whether there is additional airway collapse and whether further treatment is needed.

Book a consultation

If you’d like to discuss this procedure or explore suitable treatment options, please get in touch with Dr Nicholas Phillips’ clinic.